Motor speed control using pwm pdf

Pwm has been widely used in power converter control. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation. The proposed system offers many advantages such as simple structure, low cost, accurate, quite efficient, lightweight nature, small volume, and bidirectional speed control. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor. Pwm wave are used for switching on or off power to dc motor. In pwm, the arduino sends a pulsating wave that is similar to astable mode of 555 timer ic. Is the only reason for choosing pwm to obtain a better precision or not consuming extra power. By using pwm we can easily control the average power.

Pdf speed control of bldc motor using pwm technique. A pwm dc motor controller technology is used to control the speed. In this project, i will show how speed control of dc motor can be implemented using 555 and pulse width modulation pwm. Overview we can control the speed of the dc motor by simply controlling the input voltage to the motor and the most common method of doing that is by using pwm signal. The proposed methodology is first simulated for open loop and closed loop speed control. Pwm based speed control for a dc motor international journal of. Pwm based automatic closed loop speed control of dc motor. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method. One simple and easy way to control the speed of a motor is to regulate the amount of voltage across its terminals and this can be achieved using pulse width modulation or pwm. This variable voltage is applied using the pwm technique.

Thus in this project speed control is achieved by using electrical technique. For example, cpu fans, fume extinguishers and many more appliances which we make use of are operated by dc. For example, cpu fans, fume extinguishers, toy cars etc. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc motor. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation, 555. Upon ic interrupt, in the ic interrupt service routine, the status of all three input capture pins is read and the. This paper presents a dc motor speed controller system using pwm technique. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation we use dc fans in many systems in our day to day life. The pulse width modulation pwm block offers high freedom in its configuration, enabling efficient control. In the present project, the pwm generation is done using timer ic.

In industry dc motor is widely uses for speed control and load. Explanation of the program is given under the about the program heading. Apr 03, 2016 in this video i take a look at a dc motor controller and explain how it works. Pwm just turns on and off the motor very quickly, so if you want the motor to go slowly, the duty cycle ratio of on to off time has to be more off than on.

This paper presents a design, simulation and implementation of pulse width modulation pwm speed control system of dc motor using microcontroller mcu. In this paper, a simplified approach for speed control of dc motor using programmable logic controller plc is presented. The objective of this paper is to provide an efficient and simple method for controlling the speed of dc motors using the pulse width modulation. In this work, designing motor bidirectional dc control circuit using pulse width modulation pwm based on an operational amplifier model lm324 is implemented.

In this paper, to control the speed of dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm method. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller. One simple and easy way to control the speed of a motor is to regulate the amount of voltage across its terminals and this can be achieved using pulse width. Slaa503july 2011 sensored 3phasebldc motor control using msp430 3. Two push button switches are provided to control the speed of the motor. This paper uses the above principle to control the speed of the motor by varying the duty cycle of the pulse applied to it.

It works on the principle of lorentz force by which the current carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a force hence the conductor moves on the direction of force called. If you are new to electronics, we have a detailed article explaining pulse width modulation. Dc motor is the most used motor in robotics and electronics projects. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm. Here we are using 12v dc motor and average dc value delivered to motor can be varied by varying the duty ratio of the pwm. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project. In this article i will show you how to create a ne555 timer ic based pwm dc motor speed controller. Dc motor are mostly used in industries so we used to control the speed of the motor by using pwm. We use dc motors in many systems in our day to day life. Arduino dc motor control tutorial l298n pwm hbridge. By providing sinusoidbased signals through the pwm modules to the mosfet driver, the current is generated on each motor windings. The performance of the volt per hertz strategy were evaluated through simulation shown in results.

In this video i take a look at a dc motor controller and explain how it works. This work presents fpgas implementation for pwm based speed control of inverterfed bldc motor. Aug 26, 2018 speed control of dc motor with pc interface is an easy diy project. Bidirectional motor control can be done using an hbridge circuit with pulsewidth modulation pwm from a microcontroller to vary the speed. But when it comes to controlling the speed using microcontrollers. Controlling the speed of dc motor can be done by different ways like using a potentiometer and also by a controlled current to the armature. Veermata jijabai technological institute 50 speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique where. The electric drive systems used in many industrial applications require higher performance, reliability, variable speed due to its ease of controllability. Why is pwm used to control dc motor speed instead of using.

Timer5 value is useful in determining the speed of the motor. Introduction equipped with hall effect sensors, permanent magnet motors are generally powered. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The simulation work proves the idea of vf control using pwm inverter and the software used for simulation is psim powersim. The response of the controller to load variations is looked at. How to make a pwm dc motor speed controller using the.

There are numerous ways to control the speed of motor or fan. This approach is based on providing a variable dc voltage to dc motor from a dc supply voltage via a plc. As we have discussed earlier that proteus is a really good simulation software for beginners and 8051 is the most basic among all microcontroller so this. The design, analysis, and implementation of single phase inverter driving induction motor is completely carried out using arduino. Pwm frequency depends on the target fpga device speed and duty cycle resolution requirement. The speed command of dc motor is very crucial in applications where precision and protection. The rapid rising and falling edges of pwm signal minimises the switching transition time and the associated switching losses. Speed control of induction motor using pwm technique. Wireless dc motor speed and direction control using ir pwm and hbridge. Speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse width. In this example project dc motor is interfaced with pic microcontroller using l293d motor driver. I will share the circuit diagram, component list, tips for making the circuit yourself and a fully working printable pcb layout. An899, brushless dc motor control using pic18fxx41 mcus. For example in robotics it is generally used to control the moving speed of a robot whatever it may be path.

Pdf bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on. Arduino is directly connected to pc through the usb cable and command is given to arduino on serial monitor of the arduino ide. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation pwm. Pwm motor speed control using arduino use arduino for. Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. Then the pwm pulse width modulation technique is most effective.

Pwm control using arduino learn to control dc motor speed. Not consuming extra power is one reason, maybe related to which i think is the main reason to use pwm. The complete program for pwm motor speed control using arduino is given below. Measuring the speed and controlling the motor in closed loop is discussed in detail in the section closedloop control using hall sensors. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. This paper include with simulation of vf speed control of threephase induction motor using pwm inverter strategy. This tutorial is about dc motor speed control with a pic microcontroller using the pwm method.

Speed control of dc motor using pwm a dc motor is an electromechanical device that converts direct current into mechanical energy by means of rotation of a shaft. L293d ic is used to drive the motor which is made up of two hbridge. Pwm based speed control system consists of electronic components integrated circuit, potentiometer etc. Apart from these techniques, pulse width modulation is the effective way to implement motor speed control. Pwm pulse width modulation principle is used as speed stability control system for loaded dc motor with pid proportional integral derivative. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage by using the developed microcontrollers program.

Ensure the cables are securely connected with the corresponding colors correctly matched. The arduino board can be also powered by the pc through usb but there must be an additional external source for powering the motor. In the previous projects, we have seen a simple dc motor control using lpc2148 and push buttons and also controlling of a servo motor using the same components. Pwm pulse can be generated using arduino and l298 enable pin is used to get that pwm pulse and then it controls the motor speed accordingly. In this paper, bldc motor drive controlled using fpga controller. Ic that allows you to control the speed and direction of a dc motor with only one pwm output and two digital outputs from your arduino board please read pp. Diactriac phase angle control circuit it applies chopped ac waveform to motor and varies speed of ac motor. Veermata jijabai technological institute 1 speed control of dc motor by using pwm. This paper presents speed control of dc motor using an 8051 series microcontroller. Apr 27, 2019 here is a simple project on how to control fan or dc motor speed with microchip pic16f877 microcontroller.

The frequency of magnetic reversal where, p number of poles n speed in rpm steinmetz formula the steinmetz formula is for the calculation of hysteresis loss. Pwm control using arduinohow to control dc motor and led. Aug 23, 2012 this video shows about how to control a dc motor speed with pulse width modulation keeping frequency constant and varying duty cycle using a free running multivibrator. In this article we will see how to generate a pwm signal using timers in 8051 mocrocontroller and also how to control the speed of dc motor using tthat pwm signal. Keywords dc motor, speed control, microcontroller, atmega8. A mechanism that can be used as a guideline in dc motor control is the longer the. Speed control of dc motor by pwm in proteus simulation.

Pulse width modulation pwm is used to generate pulses with variable duty cycle rate. Dc motor speed control system the speed control of a motor is frequently required in industrial applications, robotics, home. Speed control of dc motor using programmable logic controller. Dc motor speed controller circuit using pwm electrical. The proposed system is suitable for different industrial applications such as subway cars, trolley buses, or batteryoperated vehicles. To control dc motor speed with pic microcontroller, we should know about these two features. In this project dc motors speed is controlled by sending the command through pc. In this project 555 timer ne55p is being operated in a stable mode, which produce a continuous high and low pulses. Microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm technique. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller semantic. Efficiency and reliability are the key features for the development of advanced motor drives. Speed control of any motor is always done y pulse width modulation, abbreviated as pwm.

Before going into the further details i would like to tell you about the concept of pwm for controlling dc motor. Pwm control is the most power full technique that offer a simple method for controlling of analog system with processors digital output. Speed control of dc motor could be achieved using mechanical or. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering projects. Use sensor for feedback desired speed actual speed test computation motor encoder measurement. Several design challenges include preventing shootthrough, implementing a snubber circuit, as well as open and closed loop such as pid control mechanisms. In bldc motor control, the drive signals that are used require variable voltages that change with respect to the speed and position of the motor. Pdf dc motor speed controller design using pulse width. Residential and commercial appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioning systems use conventional motor drive technology. The pic16f877a microcontroller is programmed to generate two periodic pwm signals from its. We have explained pwm in this tutorial using 2 examples which will help you learn how to control led brightness using pwm and how to control dc motor speed using pwm. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique. Pwm motor speed control using arduino use arduino for projects. Automation results into better quality, increased production an reduced costs.

Volts per hertz control 3phase ac motor control with vhz speed closed loop, rev. By varying the width of this pwm wave, we can control the speed of dc motor. While this may work, as it does with scalextric slot car racing, it generates a lot of heat and wasted power in the resistance. Speed control of a three phase induction motor using pwm inverter.

Hello friends here is a proteus simulation of speed control of dc motor with the help of pulse width modulation pwm control, pwm signals are generated by 8051 microcontroller. Induction motor, pulse width modulation pwm sinusoidal pulse width modulation spwm,vf voltagefrequency control. The inverted signal itself is composed of a pulsewidthmodulated pwm signal which encodes a sine wave. The ability to control the speed of the dc motor using pwm. May 19, 2017 i already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. If it is the only reason it seems odd to use pwm equipment for simple demonstrations.

It is easy, fast and effective by this method of control to vary motor speed from 0 to 100% of rated speed. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of a. Features costeffective and energy efficient bldcblac motor drive implemented on an at90pwm3 avr low cost microcontroller low memory and computing requirements 2. Bldcblac motor control using a sinus modulated pwm algorithm 1. Pulse width modulation the most popular power devices for motor control applications are power mosfets and igbts. For example, it has applications in electric cars, trucks, and aircraft. Table 1 and figure 3 show the 3phasebldc motor commutation sequence in accordance with the standard 120. If this voltage needs to be boosted from the dc source, it can be accomplished either before the ac stage by using a dcdc boost converter, or after the ac stage by using a boost transformer. Hence, if voltage across motor terminal is varied, then speed can also be varied. Speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse. For controlling the speed of dc motor we have various methods, but in this project we are controlling dc motor speed using pwm. Pwm control is a very commonly used method for controlling the power across loads.

Speed control of dc motor using programmable logic. So the circuit varies speed of ac motor by changing firing angle of triac by applying pwm generated using ic555 connected in monostable mode. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. How to make a pwm dc motor speed controller using the 555 timer ic. By using pwm technique user can control speed of induction motor according to users requirements. Ne555 based pwm dc motor speed controller circuit with pcb. Motor control suppose we wish to use a microprocessor to control a motor or to control the load attached to the motor. The optimization of dc motor uses requires speed control that can be done using pulse width modulation pwm 5. There are many applications of dc motors, where we need a variable speed of dc motor. Oct 29, 2018 here we will use a technique called pwm pulse width modulation to control the speed of dc motor. Induction motor, pulse width modulation pwm sinusoidal pulse width modulation spwm,vf. Arockia edwin xavier thiagarajar college of engineering,electrical and electronic engineering madurai,tamil nadu email.

In this project, we will control the speed of a dc motor using lpc2148 mcu and a potentiometer by implementing pwm technique. Speed control of dc motor using pwm a pulse width modulation concept the purpose of a motor speed controller is to drive a system at the demanded speed. We can achieve speed control of dc motor using mechanical or electrical techniques but they require large size hardware to implement but a microcontroller based system provides an easy way to control the speed of dc motor. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. The speed control using pi and pid control modes is explained and an implementation of the controller using opamps is given. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm. Most of the times we will have a need to adjust the speed of the motors to our requirement. The speed of dc motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its terminals. The pwm duty cycle is used to vary the speed of the motor by controlling the motor terminal voltage. Pwm control using arduino learn to control dc motor speed and led brightness in this article we explain how to do pwm pulse width modulation control using arduino.

Dc motor speed control using arduino and potentiometer. Todays industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all sectors. In 8051 microcontroller, the timers are used to generate the pwm wave. Here is a simple project on how to control fan or dc motor speed with microchip pic16f877 microcontroller. My question is at the end to change the speed we are controlling the input voltage of a dc motor in both pwm pulse width modulation and variable resistance cases. Pdf speed control of bldc motor using pwm technique s. In this project we will be able to control the speed of dc motor with potentiometer and we can adjust the speed by rotating the knob of potentiometer. When the speed is varied from 1 to 9, the speed increases, with the value 9 set as the maximum speed of the motor. This method is very easy to implement and has high efficiency.